Study on colonization of Group B Streptococcus in pregnant women of Mongolian and Han nationality and the status of neonatal early-onset septicemia / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the carrier status of group B streptococci (GBS) in pregnant women of Mongolian and Han nationality and the neonatal GBS infection in order to identify the high risk factors of GBS infection in Mongolian and Han newborns in this area.Methods:Totally 7289 pregnant women and their newborns born alive were tested for GBS in the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from June 2017 to June 2020, and their newborns were cultured for GBS, and the venous blood of newborns delivered by GBS positive women were detected for anti-GBS capsular polysaccharide antibody level, in order to determine the high risk factors of neonatal GBS infection.Results:Among the 7289 pregnant women, 3136 were Mongolian pregnant women (2599 full-term delivery and 537 premature delivery) and 4153 were Han pregnant women (3541 full-term delivery and 612 premature delivery). The results of GBS test showed that the GBS carrier rate was 8.19% in the Mongolian preterm delivery group, 4.35% in the Mongolian term group, 11.93% in the Han preterm group, and 5.76% in the Han term group, indicating that the carrier rate of GBS in the preterm group was significantly higher than that in the term group, regardless of Mongolian and Han nationality ( P < 0.05). Further comparing the GBS carrier rate of Mongolian and Han pregnant women, the GBS carrier rate of Mongolian pregnant women was significantly lower than that of Han pregnant women regardless of the premature delivery group and term group ( P < 0.05). (2) A total of 434 newborns were born by GBS positive parturients. The positive rates of GBS in Mongolian premature infants, Mongolian full-term infants, Han premature infants and Han full-term infants were 29.55%, 14.16%, 31.51% and 17.65%, respectively, suggesting that the positive rate of GBS in premature infants was significantly higher than that in full-term infants, regardless of Mongolian and Han nationality ( P<0.05). Further comparing the positive rate of GBS in Mongolian and Han newborns, there was no significant difference in the positive rate of GBS between Mongolian newborns and Han newborns, no matter the premature delivery group and the full-term group. (3) This study compared the incidence of early-onset GBS septicemia in Mongolian and Han newborns. The results showed that the incidence of early-onset GBS septicemia in Mongolian premature infants was 23.08%, and none in full-term infants. The incidence of early-onset GBS septicemia in Han premature infants was 26.09%. The incidence of early-onset GBS septicemia in term infants was 5.56%. The incidence of neonatal GBS septicemia in the preterm group was significantly higher than that in the term group, regardless of Mongolian and Han nationality. By further comparing the incidence of GBS septicemia in Mongolian and Han newborns, there was no significant difference in the positive rate of GBS between Mongolian newborns and Han newborns regardless of the premature delivery group and the term group. (4) In both Mongolian and Han nationality, the level of anti-GBS capsular polysaccharide antibody in premature infants was significantly lower than that in term infants ( P < 0.05). (5) Regardless of the Mongolian and Han nationality, compared with GBS negative group, GBS positive rate was higher in pregnant women aged≥35 years old, with history of menstruation, miscarriage, vaginitis, floating population, and those who had not undergone pre-pregnancy examination,,which were the high risk factors for GBS-positive pregnant women during pregnancy. (6) In both Mongolian and Han nationality, the incidence of chorioamnionitis, puerperal infection, premature delivery and premature rupture of membranes in the GBS positive group was higher than that in the GBS negative group, and the incidence of fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia in the GBS positive group was also higher than that in the GBS negative group. Conclusions:The carrier rate of GBS in Mongolian pregnant women is lower than that in Han pregnant women, and positive GBS during pregnancy will increase the incidence of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes such as chorioamnionitis, puerperal infection, premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia and neonatal early-onset GBS septicemia. The high risk factors are maternal age ≥ 35 years old, history of menstruation, abortion, vaginitis, floating population, and infection without pre-pregnancy examination. We should attach great importance to the perinatal high risk factors and formulate corresponding intervention measures accordingly, and make rational use of antibiotics for prenatal prevention, so as to further reduce the incidence of early-onset GBS septicemia in newborns.

Progress on the relationship between acute respiratory viruses and eyes / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Respiratory virus infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with respiratory diseases. The respiratory virus is predominantly spread by air or droplet through the exposed mucosa. Meanwhile the ocular mucosa is also exposed to air, so more and more attention has been paid to the correlation between respiratory virus and human ocular diseases. In this paper, we will summarize the research progress of the relationship between some familiar respiratory viruses and human eyes.

Gene mutation associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children / 临床儿科杂志

Objectives To detect gene mutation associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and to identify mutation spectrum and clinical feature in HLH in children. Methods Thirty-seven (37) pediatric patients diagnosed with HLH according to 2004 clinical and laboratory criteria were enrolled from July 2012 to November 2015. Nucleotide sequences of all exons and their flanking intronic sequences of ten genes associated with HLH were amplified with PCR followed by direct sequencing. Point mutation analysis was performed after the direct sequencing. Results The median age of all the 37 patients was 2.6 years. The median ages of patients with gene mutation (n=22) and without gene mutation (n=15) was 2.09 years and 2.67 years, without statistical significance. Twenty-two patients were identified with gene mutations. All of them were heterozygous. UNC13D mutation (50%) is of the highest frequency in the above genes. The splicing mutations (38%) were the main type of UNC13D mutations,and missense mutations or frame-shift mutations were also found. There was no statistical difference in ages of onset and laboratory data of neutrophils, thrombocytes, NK cell activities within the three groups: multi-site mutations, single-site mutations and no mutations. EBV infection was detected in 70.3% patients. In mutation group, one patient died when he was in the period of inducing remission, and four patients were relapsed. Among them four patients were infected with EBV and one patients was negative at the onset while positive in recurrence. Conclusions UNC13D was the predominant causative gene in the Chinese population according our data. There was no significant relevance between age of onset, severity of disease and gene mutations. Attention should be paid to a patient with HLH gene mutation infected by EBV, which it might mean a poor prognosis.

Experimental study on effect of local application of vascular endothelial growth factor on antibacterial power of denervated skin flap / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the leukocyle function in a rat denervated infect flap model and to investigate the action mechanison of VEGF in the flap anti-infection .Methods An island pedicle flap measured 2 cm × 2 cm was raised on the right abdomen of sixty wister rats ,which were divided into three groups .All flaps re-ceived intradermal inoculation of 107 Staphylococcus aureus ,and the animals were observed for 96 h .The indexes of the leukocyte count ,leukocyte vitality ,hemiluminescence of neutrophils ,tissue bacterial count ,naked eyes observation of falptissue and the light microscope observation were detected .Results The leukocyte count in the exudation at postoperative 96 h had no statistical differ-ences among 3 groups(P>0 .05);while in the indexes detection of the leukocyte vitality ,chemiluminescence of neutrophils ,tissue bacterial count ,etc .,the comparison between the chronic denervated group and the control group showed very significantly differ-ences(P<0 .01);the differences between the VEGF treatment group and the chronic denervated group was very significant (P<0 .01) .The falp pathological change in the control group and the VEGF treatment groups was slight .Conclusion The soft issue af-ter losing the innervation decreases the leukocyte function .VEGF might improve the flap micro circulation and play an important role in improving the leukocyte function .

Community-acquired infections and risk factors in patients with diabetes:A Meta-analysis / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To analyze the types and risk factors of community-acquired infections (CAI)in diabetic patients by system analysis method of evidence-based medicine.Methods China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang database,VIP database were searched by computer,domestic published researches on CAI and related risk factors in dia-betic patients were aggregated,Meta-analysis was conducted by stata 1 1 .0 software.Results A total of 1 2 literatures were included in the study .The average rate of CAI in diabetic patients was 39.55% (22.12%-55.86%).The major infec-tions were respiratory system infection(40.74%),urinary tract infection(27.35%),tuberculosis(10.80%),skin and soft tissue infection(9.19%),and hepatobiliary system infection (5.57%).Stratified analysis on risk factors revealed that OR and OR95%CI of chronic complication,age,disease course,glycemic control,gender,type of diabetes,subtype of ketoac-idosis was 1.63(1.45,1.82),1.30(1.19,1.42),1.47(1.35,1.61),0.68(0.61,0.76),0.69(0.64,0.75),1.37 (1.13,1.66 )and 0.87(0.62,1.23),respectively.There was no publication bias and combined results were stable. Conclusion The main CAI in diabetic patients are respiratory system infection,urinary tract infection,tuberculo-sis,skin and soft tissue infection,and so on ;several factors,such as female,older age,long-term disease course, poor glycemic control,and complication,can contribute to the increase of CAI in diabetic patients.

Clinical features of immunocompetent patients with Penicilliosis marneffei / 中国基层医药

Objective To discuss the clinical features of immunocompetent patients with Penicilliosis marneffei.Methods To analyze and summarize the clinical data of 4 immunocompetent patients with Penicilliosis marneffei.Results Clinical manifestation of patients centered on intermittent slight or mild fever,lymphadenectasis,skin eruptions,osteolytic destruction,anaemia,and leukocytosis.The cultural Penicillium marneffei in specimen such as blood,pus showed a higher positive rate.Amphotericin B and itraconazole was available in treatment.Conclusion Immunocompetent people can be infected by Penicillium marneffei,and they appear nonspecific in clinical manifestation after infection.A timely and effective antifungal therapy can improve the prognosis of patients.

Relation of Immun Function State with Patient of Invasive Fungal Infect that Peripheral Blood Appear Plasmocyte / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To know the immunate function state when patients with invasive fungal infection appearing peripheral blood plasmacyte.METHODS Twenty cases of invasive fungal,bacterial infection and normal concentrate blood smear if apper plasmacyte and quantity;adopt flow cytometer technology,nephelometry were used to detect lymphocyte subpopulation,immunoglobulin level.RESULTS Concentrate blood smear find plasmacyte in 15 case invasive fungal infect patient,commonly bacterial infect only 1 case.nomal had not find.invasive fungal infection patien lymphocyte subpopulation CD3+:(50.2?6.1)%,CD4+:(23.6?3.5)%,lower than normal CD3+:(66.8?8.0)%,CD4+:(35.2?5.1)%.But CD8+:(33.9?4.5)%,CD19+:(34.2?7.0)% there were hinger than normal CD8+:(26.5?6.5)%,CD19+:(12.0?4.9)%,CD16/56+ parting(18.8?5.1%,18.2?7.0%).There ware no marked difference in two group of invasive fungal infect patients and normal immunoglobulin level parting:IgG 8.35,7.72 g/L,IgA 1.59,0.99 g/L,IgM 1.20,1.07 g/L.CONCLUSIONS Invasive fungal infect patients when concentrate blood smear find plasmacyte,are found with low immune and blood serum immunoglobulin level with NK cell quantity no obvious change;but CD19+ lymphocyte quantity increase.

Epidemiologia da malária no município de Belém-Pará / Malaria's epidemiology situation in the city of Belem-Para

Objetivo: estimar a epidemiologia da malária no município de Belém-Pará, de 2004 e 2005. Método: dados extraídos dos resumos anuais de casos de malária em Belém elaborados pelo Programa de Controle de Malária pertencente ao Departamento de Vigilância à Saúde. Identificados 23.146 casos com sintomatologia de malária em 2004 e 21.344 em 2005 que constituíram as amostras da pesquisa, sendo os resultados submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados: observou-se prevalência de 6,7% de casos de malária em 2004 e 6,3% em 2005; com 42,0% de casos autóctones em 2004 e 26,9% em 2005; sendo 64,1% detectados por busca ativa em 2004 e 70,0% em 2005; predominando em Cotijuba (51,0%) e Bonfim (27,7%) no ano de 2004 e em Bonfim (67,8%) no ano de 2005; todos os casos foram causados pelo Plasmodium vivax( 100,0%) em ambos os anos. Conclusão: a malária no município de Belém-Pará nos anos de 2004 e 2005 caracterizou-se por prevalência relativamente baixa; a maioria de casos alóctones e os autóctones detectados principalmente por busca ativa; presentes, sobretudo nas localidades de Bonfim e Cotijuba em 2004 e em Bonfim em 2005, tendo como agente etiológico o Plasmodium vivax.

Objective: estimate malaria's epidemiologic situation in the city of Belem-Para within 2004 and 2005. Method: The data were obtained from malaria's annual summaries in Belem elaborated by the Control Program of Malaria / Departmentfor Health Monitoring. It was identified 23,146 suspicious cases of malaria in 2004 and 21,344 in 2005 that constituted the samples of this research and the results were submitted to statistics analysis. Results: it was verified the prevalence of 6.7% positive cases in 2004 and 6.3% in 2005; with 42.0% autoctones cases in 2004 and 26. 9% in 2005; 64.1 % detected by active search in 2004 and 70.0% in 2005; predominating in the localities of Cotijuba (51.0%) and Bonfim (27.7%) in 2004 and Bonfim (67.8%) in 2005; ali the cases had as etiologic agent the Plasmodium vivax (100.0%) in both years. Conclusion: Malaria's epidemiologic situation in Belem-Para within 2004 and 2005, was characterized as having a relatively low prevalence; the aloctones cases were the predominant type; the autoctones cases were detected mainly by active search; the majority of the cases were in the localities of Bonfim and Cotijuba in 2004 and Bonfim in 2005; had as etiologic agent the Plasmodium vivax.

Determination of CD4~+CD25~+ regulatory T cells from peripheral blood in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and clinical significance / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the change of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells(Treg) from peripheral blood in patiens with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS) before and after treatment and its significance.Methods The frequencies of CD4+ CD25+ CD127-Treg were detected in 10 patients with MODS respectively before treatment and 1 week after treatment and 10 healthy donors by flow cytometry labeled with specific fluorescent antibodies,such as anti-CD4(PE-CY5),anti-CD25(FITC) and anti-CD127(PE).Results The frequency of CD4+ CD25+ CD127-Treg in patients after treatment(2.11%?0.33%) was significantly lower than before treatment(7.44%?1.59%)(P

Analysis of Pharmacoeconomic Trend of Anti-infection Agents / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:T o analyze the consumptive trend of anti-infection agents from January 1997 to April 2001 MET HODS:Visual FoxPro(VFP)and Excel were used to analyze the annual consumption and order of anti-infection agents during this period DDDs and daily-cost were caculated. RESULTS:The consumption of anti -infection agents increased year by year. The highest DDDs and the lowest daily-cost of two main classes of anti-infection agents were penicillin G and cefazolin. respectively. CONCLUSION: The consumptive trend of anti-infection agents is developing towards highly effective, safe and cheap ones. More attention should he paid to avoid abuse of anti-infection agents.

ABSTRACT OF ORIGINAL ARTICLES Effect of Linghuang Powder for Acute N onspecific Lower Urinary Tract Infection with Lower-Jiao Damp-Heat Syndrome / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective: To assess the effect of Linghuang powder ( LHP) in treating acute nonspecific lower urinary tract infection (ANLUTI) with l ower-Jiao damp-heat syndrome and evaluate its safety. Methods: A randomized cont rolled design was adopted. Four hundred and fourteen patients were allocated to LHP treatment group, control group and open treatment group. Results: The marked ly effective rate of short-term treatment with LHP was 71.78%, and the total effective rate was 92.02%, the total rates of im proving urine routine and urine bacterium were 95.21% and 79.37% respectively in LHP treatment group. Conclusion:The effect of LHP for ANLUTI with lower-jiao damp-heat syndrome is better than that in the control group (P<0.01).

Hospital-acquired low respiratory tract infec tion in elderly diabetic patients / 中国糖尿病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical manifestati on and pathogen of hospital acquired low respiratory tract infection in elderly patients with diabetes.MethodsTo analyze retrospectively th e clinical data, the pathogens isolated from cultured sputum and the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria in 85 elderly patients with diabetes.Results Bacilli in sputum were common in these patients(73 9%), including Pse udomonas aeruginosa (18 2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(15 9%), Escherichia co li(14.8%), 14% complicated with 2 different bacilli, 6.8% with fungus. The bac illi sensitive rate to antibiotics was as high as 72.3% to Ceftazidime, 70.8% to Ofloxacin, 63 1% to Ceftriaxone, 61 5% to Cefoperazone or Cefoperazone, 60 .0% to Cefazolin, 53.8% to Piperacillin respectively. Cocci sensitive rate wa s 100% to Vancomycin. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia, severe basic diseases and dia betic complications were involved in the pathogenesis of hospital acquired low respiratory tract infection and the poor prognosis.Conclusion Hospital acquired low respiratory tract infection is common in elderly patient s with diabetes, and should be treated based on the antibiotic sensitivity of ba cteria and on metabolic control.

Investigation and analysis of hospital infection in childhood nephrotic syndrome / 中华医院管理杂志

To find out the risk factors of hospital infection in childhood primary nephrotic syndrome(nephrosis) and prophylactico therapeutic measures, 190 cases of child patients hospitalized for nephrosis during the period lasting from 1991 to 1999 were collected. Then a retrospective analysis of the distribution of the various risk factors was made using the single factor analysis and the logistic multi factor regression model. The hospital infection rate was found to be 34.2%, with respiratory infection accounting for 69.7%. The single factor analysis indicated that the risk factors included quantity of urinary protein per kilogram of weight within 24 hours(urinary protein), length of stay, length of hormone usage, entities of antibiotics used and length of such usage. The multi factor analysis indicated that the risk factors included urinary protein, entities of antibiotics used and length of such usage. The authors present the view that strengthening the control of respiratory diseases, setting up clean wards, and ensuring the rational use of antibiotics are some of the key measures for reducing the rate of hospital infection. The quantity of urinary protein is a sensitive index of hospital infection in nephrosis. Once diagnosis of nephrosis has been confirmed, it is necessary to use ACH in full dose and for a complete course of treatment so as to reduce the loss of protein from the urine as soon as possible.

Importance of radiographic study of urinary tract infection in children

In urinary tract infection of childhood, the intravenous pyelogram is helpful in identifying gross malformations of urinary tract and appraising gross renal function. The voiding cystourethrogram evaluates configuration and function of the lower urinary tract and is most useful for delineating the presence and severity of vesicoureteral reflux. The intravenous pyelogram is suggested for every male patients with one documented urinary infection, regardless of age and all female patients after the first recurrence. This study was made on 54 cases of urinary tract infection performing intravenous pyelogram and 27 cases done voiding cystourethrogram. There were eighteen abnormal findings(33.3%) that appeared to be causative factors in the urinary tract infection. The most common finding was double collecting system(7 cases), next one, hydronephrosis with hydroureter(5 cases). The abnormal findings possibly related to urinary tract infection were 13 cases(24.1%), and poor function of kidney and renal scarring(5 cases) weremost common cases. Also there were 3 cases of spina bifida in twenty three cases showing normal excretory urogram. Vesicoureteral reflux was found in fourteen cases(26%). primary reflux was 11 cases, and secondary reflux 3 cases. The Politano-Leadbetter tunneling technique has been used in 8 cases. The results of operation were good except one cases due to recurrent vesicoureteral reflux. Therefore this findings suggested the importance of radiographic investigation of the urinary tract infection in the management of urinary tract in childhood.